The End of Days; or, “Why I Love the Targum”

30 09 2008

In Genesis 49:1, Jacob tells his children to come near:

ויקרא יעקב אל־בניו ויאמר האספו ואגידה לכם את אשר־יקרא אתכם באחרית הימים
And Jacob called his sons and he said, “Gather around and let me tell you what will occur to you at the end of days”.

According to the Babylonian Talmud (bPes 56a), Jacob wished to tell them about the messianic era, but was suddenly stricken with forgetfulness and so simply blessed them all instead. In case we didn’t get the relationship between “end of days” and the messianic era, the following is how Targum Pseudo-Jonathan ‘translates’ this same verse into Aramaic:

וקרא יעקב לבנוי ואמר להום אדכו מסואבותא ואחוי לכון רזיא סתימיא קציא גניזיא ומתן אגרהון דצדיקיא ופורענותהון דרשיעיא וטלניתא דעדן מה היא כחדא מתכנשין תריסר שבטי ישארל ומקפין דרגשא דדהבא דרביע עלה ומן דאתגלי איקר שכינתא דיי קצא דעתיד מלכא משיחא למתי איתכסי מנה ובכן אמר איתו ואיתני לכון מה דיארע יתכון בסוף יומיא

And Jacob called his sons and he said to them, “Be cleansed of your impurities and I shall tell you the secret mysteries, the hidden end-times; the giving of the rewards of the righteous and the punishments of the wicked, and what the pleasures of paradise are.” The twelve tribes of Israel gathered as one, and surrounded the golden couch on which he lay. But as the essence of the presence of God began to reveal the time of the coming of the Messiah, it was hidden from him. So he [only] said, “Come and let me tell you what will occur to you at the end of days”.

And who says that this Targum is paraphrastic! Seems pretty literal to me…





A Palace Filled With Shoes

28 09 2008

Genesis 37:28a

ויעברו אנשים מדינים סחרים וימשכו ויעלו את יוסף מן הבור וימכרו את יוסף לישמעאלים בעשרים כסף

Midianite traders were passing through, so they raised Joseph from the pit and sold him to the Ishmaelites for 20 silver [coins].”

*

Targum Pseudo-Jonathan on Gen 37:28

ועברו גברי מדינאי מרי פרקמטיא ונדידו ואסיקו ית יוסף מן גובא וזבינו ית יוסף לערבאין בעשרין מעין דכסף וזבנו מנהון סנדלין

Midianite traders were passing through, so they raised Joseph from the pit and they sold Joseph to the Arabs for twenty silver coins, with which they purchased shoes.”

*

Pirqei deRebi Eliezer 38

ומכרו אותו לישמעאלים בעשרים כסף, וכל אחד ואחד נטל שני כספים לקנות מנעלים ברדליהם, שנאמר על מכרם בכסף צדיק ואביון בעבור נעלים

So they sold him to the Ishmaelites for twenty silver [coins], and they took two coins each to buy shoes for their feet, as it says: (Amos 2:6) On account of their selling a righteous man for silver [coins], and a poor man for shoes.”

*

The Ten Martyrs, from the Yom HaKippurim Mussaf liturgy

גבה לב בגדולים, וצבה למלאות פלטרו נעלים
וקרא לעשרה חכמים גדולים, מביני דת וטעמיה בפלפולים

כי ימצא איש גנב נפש מאחיו מבני ישראל, והתעמר בו ומכרו
הם כענו לו ומת הגנב ההוא
נם איה אבותיכם אשר אחיהם מכרוהו
לארחת ישמעאלים סחרוהו, ובעד נעלים נתנוהו
ואתם קבלו דין שמים עליכם

He became arrogant against the sages,
and commanded
that his palace be filled with shoes.
And he said to ten great sages
those who understood the Law and its principles through deduction:


‘If it be found that a Jew kidnap his kinsman,
and enslave him and sell him?’
They answered him, ‘That thief must die.’
He said, ‘What of your fathers who sold their brother?
They sold him to a caravan of Ishmaelites;

they gave him away for a pair of shoes.
Now you must receive divine judgment upon you.’





The Sanity Clause

28 09 2008

I was at a party a week ago (or so) and found myself in a rather impassioned argument with somebody, which – as I am normally very non-confrontational, left me a little bit shaken. I had, of course, precipitated the whole thing but to suggest that I was the root and cause of the argument itself would be to ignore her role in the affair. It is normally my way to sue for reconciliation after such an event, rare as they are, but I have decided this time to stick to my guns.

Read the rest of this entry »





Time…

28 09 2008

… is an infinite moment, divided
Like waves on an infinite sea.





Ridiculous Hebrew Tattoo

28 09 2008

Tyler Williams has several posts on horrid Hebrew tattoos, which can be found by scrolling down to “Tattoos” on the left-hand side of his blog page. Here is one that I recently found somewhere on the internet:

Trinity Tatt

Read the rest of this entry »





4Q184

28 09 2008

Thinking, as I am, of 4Q184 (I do so from time to time), I thought that I might take this opportunity to share an observation of mine in relation to this text. Lines 8 and 9 feature the following couplet:

הוי הוה לכול נוחליה ושדדה לכ[ול] תומכי בה
כיא דרכיה דרכי מות ואורחותיה שבילי חטאת

“Alas! She is a misfortune to a[ll] who inherit her and a calamity to all who grasp her;
For her ways are ways of death and her paths are tracks of sin.”

This is a very beautiful chiastic inversion of Proverbs 3:17-18:

דרכיה דרכי נעם וכל נתיבותיה שלום
עץ חיים היא למחזיקים בה ותמכיה מאשר

“Her ways are ways of pleasantness and all her paths are peace;
She is a tree of life to those who grasp her and those who hold her are fortunate.”





Love Transcends Nothing

28 09 2008

גם בימים ההם ראיתי את היהודים השיבו נשים אשדדיות עמוניות מואביות
ובניהם חצי מדבר אשדודית ואינם מכירים לדבר יהודית וכלשון עם ועם
ואריב עמם ואקללם ואכה מהם אנשים ואמרטם ואשביעם באלהים אם תתנו בנתיכם לבניהם ואם תשאו מבנתיהם לבניכם ולכם

זכרה להם אלהי על גאלי הכהנה

In those very days, I saw that the Jews had taken Ashdodite, Ammonite and Moabite wives,
and half of their children spoke Ashdodite and couldn’t speak Judean, but [spoke] the language of other nations.
So I fought with them and I cursed them, and I hit some of the men and I pulled out their hair. And I made them swear to God: “If you so much as give your daughters to their sons, or if you take their daughters for your sons or for yourselves!”

Remember it against them, my Lord, how they defiled the priesthood…

- Nehemiah 13:23-25, 29

The more that I read this book, the more that I come to hate its main protagonist. How is it that I had never noticed before what an incredible jerk he was?





Garfield, sans Garfield

28 09 2008

I would like to draw everybody’s attention to a new(ish) online webcomic. Quite simply, this is Garfield without Garfield. The result is rather surprising, and has been described as demonstrating “the existential angst of a certain young Mr. Jon Arbuckle. It is a journey deep into the mind of an isolated young everyman as he fights a losing battle against loneliness and depression in a quiet American suburb.” Some of them are tremendously funny, while others are rather thought-provoking. Definitely worth a peek.








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