Cities in the Blogveldt

28 12 2006

Lacking the energy to compose anything of my own, the following is a brief list of posts that I have read lately and which have made me think.

Duane Smith has an interesting article concerning the possibility of deriving the extent of a scribe’s (il)literacy from the nature of an inscription. Charles Halton responds to Duane’s article, and it is well worth reading the range of comments appended to his short critique. Duane responds to Charles with a fascinating post on the possible provenance of Biblical Hebrew. It is also worth reading Charles’ response to this, concerning the inherent difficulties in positing language development – particularly when dealing with ancient languages for which there is a dearth of literature.

Kevin P. Edgecomb has a sobering critique of “Biblical” Archaeology. His conclusions are more accommodating but, in light of the fact that the Bible was composed over a substantial period, and that the contributing authors were most reticent to disclose the ‘truth’ (favouring, instead, a very different notion of “history”), I am not entirely sure as to the extent with which I would agree with them.

Finally, Jason Rosenhouse has an excellent review of H. Allen Orr’s review of Richard Dawkins’ The God Delusion. (Thanks to Christopher Heard for the links).





Originality vs. Tradition: A Brief Note on Christmas

23 12 2006

I am reminded of a scene in the Hall of Fire, the chamber of Elvish music and meditation in Tolkien’s Rivendell. After having composed and sung a lay to Eärendil, the Elven mariner who, in the First Age, helped overthrow the forces of Morgoth, Bilbo asks Frodo if he can tell which parts were composed by him and which by Aragorn:

“I am not going to try and guess,” said Frodo smiling.
“You needn’t,” said Bilbo. “As a matter of fact it was all mine. Except that Aragorn insisted on putting in a green stone. He seemed to think it important. I don’t know why. Otherwise he obviously thought the whole thing rather above my head, and he said that if I had the cheek to make verses about Eärendil in the house of Elrond, it was my affair. I suppose he was right.”

[FotR, "Many Meetings"]

I am reminded of this because if I, as a Jew who lacks a Christian education, should wish to speak about Christmas – and post my opinions on internet, of all places – then that is my affair. Nonetheless, as ignorant as I may be, the following is the result of my thoughts over the last few days.

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Insulted by God?: The Anatomy of a Genitive

21 12 2006

Deuteronomy 21:22-23 features a curious law. The following is the Hebrew text of these two verses, followed by my own (deliberately obscure) translation:

וכי־יהיה באיש חטא משפט־מות והומת ותלית אתו על־עץ
לא־תלין נבלתו על־העץ כי־קבור תקברנו ביום ההוא כי־קללת אלהים תלוי ולא תטמא את־אדמתך אשר יהוה אלהיך נתן לך נחלה

And if a man should be guilty of a capital crime,

1. and he is killed (/ then he should be killed)

2. and you (/ then you / that is, you) hang him upon a tree (/ impale him on a stake / crucify him on a wooden thing)

3. His body shall not remain overnight upon the tree (/ stake / wooden thing)

4. Rather, you shall bury him on that day,
a) for a hanged (/ impaled / crucified) person is cursed by God
b) for a hanged (/ impaled / crucified) person is an affront to God
c) for a blasphemer of God is the one hanging (/ impaled / crucified)

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Is Semitic Scary?: Aramaic and the Horror Genre

15 12 2006

The scene is a disused medical laboratory, somewhere in the not-too-distant future, on a scientific installation on Mars. Beakers are broken on the floor and a blinking neon light swings slowly from the blood-spattered ceiling. Shadows lurch and sway in the corners of the room and we hear the distant sounds of struggle and dismay. The soft noise of eating emanates from a nearby grill and I shudder at what vile creature may be feeding within. The PDA of a missing doctor is uncovered, lying abandoned on the floor, although the doctor’s body is nowhere to be found. The contents of the PDA, among other things, reveal his observations of certain patients who had undergone the developing process of teleportation. Paranoia, dementia, psychotic episodes. I am sitting on the edge of my seat as I listen to the doctor’s spoken diary: this is frightening stuff. One of his patients, a man, had been babbling for days in an unknown tongue – assumedly gibberish. After a chilling pause, the doctor informs us that the language turned out to be…

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Tolkien and the Nazis

15 12 2006

The following is the content of a letter by Tolkien. It is addressed to a German publishing company named Rütten & Loening Verlag and appears to be in response to their enquiries regarding his genealogy. It is dated July 25th, 1938.

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What is the Hebrew for Hobbit?

6 12 2006

Translation is a funny old thing. No text can be perfectly transferred from one language to another, and every effort to transpose a piece of writing across a language divide is only ever going to fall short of the mark. Does one maintain the style and format of the original, or does one attempt to duplicate the meaning? In other words, does one sacrifice content in order to preserve the form, or form in order to preserve the content? Ultimately, of course, one must sacrifice both.

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Hammurapi §209-210

4 12 2006

šum-ma a-wi-lum
DUMU•SAL a-wi-lim
im-ta-ḥaṣ
ša li-ib-bi-ša
uš-ta-di-ši
10 GIN KU•BABBAR
a-na ša li-ib-bi-ša
i-ša-qal

šum-ma SAL ši-i
im-tu-ut
DUMU•SAL-su
i-du-uk-ku

If a man
should strike
another man’s daughter
such that her foetus
is aborted:
10 sheqels of silver
he shall pay
for the foetus.

If that woman
should die:
they should kill
his daughter

And they say that Leviticus gets a bit rough: welcome to the Babylonian law of vicarious punishment. There is some debate, of course, as to whether or not Hammurapi’s edicts were ever put into practise, but it is always nice to look at something like this whenever you think your own society is losing its sense of morality.





Israeli vs. Hebrew: a Contemporary Linguistic Debate

2 12 2006

Tyler Williams has opened a can of worms, and opinions are beginning to wriggle in various places throughout the blogosphere. Ghil’ad Zuckermann (the spirantized spelling of whose first-name remains a mystery to me) has become rather renowned for his assertions that the language spoken in Israel today – despite what everyone else in the country might think – is not actually Hebrew. On the face of it, this is a strange suggestion. English has changed more in the last eight hundred years than Biblical Hebrew changed in over a thousand, yet nobody considers for an instant that the language spoken today by Americans, English and Australians might not consitute real “English”. So why is there this baffling phenomenon in regards to Israeli Hebrew?

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“Such is My Will”: Musings on the Torah and its ‘Reward’

2 12 2006

In musing over the origins of the ‘crowns’ appended to certain letters within the Masoretic tradition of writing Hebrew Torah scrolls, the Talmud takes an opportunity to digress in relation to Rabbi Akiva’s greatness, and the fate that he suffered at the hands of the Romans. Like several passages within the Talmud, the prose is tight and the emotions of the author are well conveyed despite their brevity of expression.

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